What it is
Phthalates are esters of phthalic acid used mainly as plasticisers to soften PVC and other plastics.
Some phthalates (DEP, DBP, DEHP) are also used as solvents in fragrances and personal care.
Why it matters
Certain phthalates disrupt reproductive hormones. DEHP, DBP, and BBP are restricted in children's toys and childcare articles in the U.S. and EU.
Because phthalates are not chemically bound to the plastic, they leach into food, air, and dust over time.
'Fragrance' on an ingredient label can legally include undisclosed phthalates in many jurisdictions.
Common uses
- Flexible PVC — shower curtains, flooring, medical tubing
- Personal care — fragrance carriers, nail polish, hair spray
- Food packaging and processing equipment
Safety considerations
- Choose fragrance-free personal care or brands that disclose full fragrance composition.
- Replace vinyl shower curtains with fabric or EVA-based alternatives.
- For children, prioritise toys and feeding items labelled phthalate-free and made from silicone, wood, stainless steel, or glass.
Where you'll encounter this
- Bathroom — personal care, vinyl curtains
- Kitchen — plastic food packaging
- Nursery — soft plastic toys and teethers (regulated but check)
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Related essays
- Phthalates in Skincare and Personal Care
- 'Fragrance' and 'Parfum', Explained
- Parabens in Skincare, Explained
- Fragrance in Personal Care
- Essential Oils vs Fragrance
- Best Non-Toxic Deodorants
- Artificial Flavor Systems in Oral Care
- Essential Oils in Oral Care
- Fragrance in Pads and Liners
- Period Product Certifications
- Fragrance in Laundry Products
- Optical Brighteners in Laundry Detergent
- Ethoxylated Surfactants (SLES, PEGs)
- PVOH Film in Laundry Pods
- Best Fragrance-Free Detergents
- Best Laundry Detergents
- Choosing a Non-Toxic Crib Mattress
- Flame Retardants in Baby Products
- BPA, BPS, and BPF in Baby Gear
- Phthalates in Teething & Feeding Gear
- PFAS in Stain-Resistant Baby Textiles
- Glass vs Plastic Baby Bottles
- Best Glass Baby Bottles
Frequently asked questions
How do I avoid phthalates in personal care?
Avoid unspecified 'fragrance' or 'parfum' on labels, and prefer brands that disclose full fragrance composition or use only essential oils.
Are all phthalates banned?
No. Several are restricted in children's products, but many others remain in wide use in cosmetics, packaging, and building materials.
Editorial references
- U.S. CPSC — Phthalates in children's products
- European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) — REACH restrictions on phthalates
Last updated 2026-07-18.