What it is
Phthalates are esters of phthalic acid used mainly as plasticisers to soften PVC and other plastics.
Some phthalates (DEP, DBP, DEHP) are also used as solvents in fragrances and personal care.
Why it matters
Certain phthalates disrupt reproductive hormones. DEHP, DBP, and BBP are restricted in children's toys and childcare articles in the U.S. and EU.
Because phthalates are not chemically bound to the plastic, they leach into food, air, and dust over time.
'Fragrance' on an ingredient label can legally include undisclosed phthalates in many jurisdictions.
Common uses
- Flexible PVC — shower curtains, flooring, medical tubing
- Personal care — fragrance carriers, nail polish, hair spray
- Food packaging and processing equipment
Safety considerations
- Choose fragrance-free personal care or brands that disclose full fragrance composition.
- Replace vinyl shower curtains with fabric or EVA-based alternatives.
- For children, prioritise toys and feeding items labelled phthalate-free and made from silicone, wood, stainless steel, or glass.
Where you meet it in the home
- Bathroom — personal care, vinyl curtains
- Kitchen — plastic food packaging
- Nursery — soft plastic toys and teethers (regulated but check)
Related categories
Related essays
Frequently asked questions
How do I avoid phthalates in personal care?
Avoid unspecified 'fragrance' or 'parfum' on labels, and prefer brands that disclose full fragrance composition or use only essential oils.
Are all phthalates banned?
No. Several are restricted in children's products, but many others remain in wide use in cosmetics, packaging, and building materials.
Editorial references
- U.S. CPSC — Phthalates in children's products
- European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) — REACH restrictions on phthalates
Last updated 2026-07-18.